This historiographical study examines the theatrical works of Yiannis Kampysis. It thoroughly dissects the urban and poetic dramas of the creator, detailing the individual aspects of the works, embedded in the theatrical and historical connotations of their time. Simultaneously, through the presentation of the author's aesthetic, ideological, and cultural journey, a tour of the theater of Greece and Europe at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century is conducted. After relentless reading of the most innovative playwrights of Europe and connecting with the stage, Kampysis wrote his own works. He delivered pivotal theatrical compositions with unprecedented aesthetic and thematic directions aimed at the dramaturgical, ideological, and cultural renewal of the country. He engages with realism and neo-romanticism in his works and theory, while simultaneously enriching the content of his dramas with novel themes that promote a modern perception of society and humanity. His dramas are a milestone in the history of modern Greek theater. He introduces two new genres, the urban and poetic drama, in direct dialogue with the relevant European standards. His urban dramas survey the urban fabric and present Greek society, transitioning from luxurious salons to the popular courtyards of Athens. On the other hand, his poetic dramas capture the adventure of the modern self, the new identity of the modern European individual. The political life of Greece and national identity, as well as Kampysis's philosophical concerns, resonate continuously within the flowing everyday life of his characters. In his eleven works, six urban and five poetic, he systematically utilizes leading playwrights such as Ibsen, Hauptmann, Strindberg, Hofmannsthal, and Maeterlinck. • Zafeiris Nikitas is a PhD holder from the Department of Theater at Aristotle University of Thessaloniki.