Are there, perhaps, limits to the intellectual abilities of humans? Accepting the position that man is a "finite being" has a "dismissive" effect on himself and his spiritual formation. Does faith in the existence of God hinder philosophical thought? Can man interpret Christian faith logically? These questions outline a broader problematic regarding the relationship between theology and philosophy. The research approach of this problematic presupposes, among other things, a thorough investigation of theological and philosophical works. Many of these works are included in this study, in which an interpretive approach to the above questions is attempted with a central "protagonist" being a particular spiritual personality, Varlaam from Calabria.

Through the study of Varlaam's published work, as well as the sources he uses, we come to a "familiarity" with many theologians and philosophers (Church Fathers and writers, Thomas Aquinas, Augustine, Plato, Aristotle, Neoplatonists, etc.) but through his own "perspective".
His strong opposition to scholastic theology and specifically to Thomas Aquinas, the formation of a methodical anti-Latin apologetics based on the use of significant sources from patristic and philosophical literature, and his theological conflict with St. Gregory Palamas, are just some elements that attract interest in his actions and work in general. An extremely complex and multifaceted spirit, it challenges the contemporary researcher to take a more comprehensive look at his theological and philosophical thought, which gives a distinct dimension to the dialectical relationship between theology and philosophy.