- The anthropomorphism of Homer revealed the "neutral" character of the ethics of the Olympian gods, who personified natural elements, and the discovery of the Aretes numbers by the Pythagoreans confirmed the presence of the irrational and Chaos within Reason and the World.
- The Platonic Academy, by placing the gods of Right Reason on the throne and considering numbers as straight segments (geometry), "saved" the ethics of the gods and mathematics.
- Astronomy, with the geocentric model, tries to satisfy the Platonic demand for an explanation of the planets' orbits with smooth circular motions, while Aristotle's theory of motion divided the Universe into two regions: the sublunar region of corruption and change, and beyond the Moon, the eternal motion of immortality and ether. The god (the first Mover) and the Noes (who move the celestial bodies) "reside" in the supralunar space, while the daemons in the sublunar region are the rulers of the air.